Stuttering, also known as stammering, is a speech disorder in which the flow of speech is disrupted by involuntary repetitions, prolongations, or abnormal stoppages of sounds, syllables, or words. This can cause the person who stutters to have difficulty speaking fluently, and can make it hard for others to understand what they are trying to say.

Stuttering is a common disorder that affects about 1% of the world's population. It is more common in males than females, and usually begins in childhood, between the ages of 2 and 6. In some cases, stuttering may resolve on its own, but for many people it is a chronic condition that requires ongoing treatment.

Stuttering can have a profound impact on a person's life. It can affect their social interactions, communication, and self-esteem. It can also make it difficult for people who stutter to participate in activities that involve speaking, such as public speaking or job interviews.

The exact cause of stuttering is not known, but it is thought to be related to a combination of factors, including genetics, neurophysiology, and environmental influences. Some people may be more likely to stutter if they have a family history of stuttering, a neurological condition, or if they have experienced certain traumatic events.

Treatment for stuttering typically involves speech therapy, which can help people who stutter learn to speak more fluently. This may involve techniques such as slowing down the rate of speech, using breathing and relaxation techniques, or practicing smooth and effortless speech. In some cases, medication may also be used to help control the involuntary movements associated with stuttering.

If you or someone you know is struggling with stuttering, it is important to seek out support and treatment from a qualified speech-language therapist. With the right help, people who stutter can learn to speak more fluently and confidently, and improve their quality of life.